Tuesday, 26 May 2020

Artificial Intelligence in Automobile Industry


According to Builtin, Artificial Intelligence can be defined as ,
Artificial intelligence (AI) is wide-ranging branch of computer science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence.
              From last few years Artificial Intelligence or AI became the hot topic and great career option for the many people.However, the idea of AI is not relatively new to the researchers,.There is no doubt that AI has the capability to impact our life. The question of in what level it will make an impact. And this is still in an imaginary scenario for the normal people.However, the researchers and subject matter experts can & has predicted the impact that AI will make in future. In 2018, AI expert Dr.Kai-FU Lee said that, "AI is going to change the world more than anything in the history of mankind.More than electricity."
           
            World's well known giant companies have started utilising and developing the products using AI.For example, Amazon came up with a AI based virtual assistant known as Alexa. With the combination of Sensors,cameras,Radar and Artificial Intelligence Tesla is working to develop the driverless cars,etc.

               In this article ,we will discuss in brief about the potential impact AI can make in Automotive industry. So,lets start.

# Engineering Design -

            Long back,Computer Aided Design (CAD) brought the revolutionary change in the way of creation,modification, analysis and optimization done in the designs. CAD helped to reduce the amount of time spent on manual design and drafting resulting into increased productivity,quality of design,ease of storage and document of the design records. Even though these technology greatly reduced labour work of human but its still dependent on human to create design and drafting work.
           With AI, I believe it possible to reduce more than 50 % of human intervetion in design and drafting of particular products.To understand, we will take an example of splined solid half shaft which is used in automobile differential for providing power to vehicle wheels. For CAD model, designer need to create a solid round shaft of particular length and then he will extrude the material for spline tooth creation. Suppose, with no calculations involved, designer takes appro.2 hr of time to design. Instead, with AI, we can create the CAD model of the same shaft in less than 15 minute just by entering required dimensional values like length of the shaft, diameter, spline and material details. AI will automatically generate a CAD model based on provided inputs.
            Various CAD software developers working on integration of AI in CAD softwares. In next 5-10 years, it is not surprise to see and use such a solutions in engineering design and drafting.

# Procurement -

            Procurement is an most critical and more focused function of any organisation.With  error free procurement, organisation can run its business more smoothly and can make more profits too.Artificial Intelligence already transforming procurement. With automating large time consuming processes, AI has the potential to rapidly change the procurement practices used around the world.Currently, it will be too early to say that all the procurement activities will be done by AI,because procurement is an complex,involves analytics and decision making. However, AI can be used in some lengthy and time consuming procurement activities like Spend Analysis, Vendor Search from large data,collecting market data,etc.
According to Sievo.com,below are the 7 common procurement areas where AI can be used.

Procurement AI Software

7 common areas for AI in Procurement
 


Saturday, 2 May 2020

Lithium Ion Battery - Working ,Classification & Battery Cycle | Words of Engineer

If you are able to read this post on the go,on the portable devices like mobile phones or Ipads, you must say thanks to the "Lithium Ion Battery"(Li-ion ) and their developers,who worked over the years to made this happen.

Wondering,why you must say thanks to them ? Read the full article to discover the answer.

• What is Battery ? And its classification.
• Why lithium is used in batteries?
• Working of Lithium Ion Battery.
• Battery Cycle

What is Battery ?

Battery is an device which converts chemical energy directly into electric energy, which can provide power to electric portable devices like mobile phones, flashlights and even for Electric vehicles too.Fossil fuels like coal,oil,gas are currently primary energy sources and they fueled  industrial revolution and global economic growth. However,due to its finite storage, harmful effects on climate,and increased global warming made world to search for the alternative or clean fuels.

Batteries can be classified into two types based on its "re-usability".

1. Primary Battery ( Non- Rechargeable /Single use)

2. Secondary Battery (Rechargeable )

Primary batteries are designed for the use until its energy exhausted and then it is disposed.There chemical reactions can not be reversible,so they are not rechargeable. On other hand, secondary batteries chemical reactions can be reversed,which makes them rechargeable.But, because of the internal corrosion and loss of electrolyte secondary batteries can be recharged at definite battery cycles only.

Why Lithium is used in batteries ?

Following are the main reasons of using Lithium in batteries.

Highly reactive

Lithium is highly reactive because it readily loses its outermost electron, making it easy to get current flowing through a battery.

Lighter in weight

Lithium is lighter in weight than Lead,which is needed for portable devices.

Higher Energy Density

Lithium has energy density higher almost twice than nickel cadmium. Energy density is the amount of energy in given mass.

Low self discharge

Compared to nickel cadmium,lithium has self discharge less than half.

How Li-ion battery works ?

Li-ion batteries consist of Anode, Cathode ,Separator, Electrolyte & two current collectors( Positive & Negative). Both the Anode & Cathode has the capability to store the Lithium ions.
Electrolyte is used to carry Lithium ions from anode to cathode & vice versa through separator.Below image shows the working of Li-ion battery.

Flow of Lithium Ions -

        State                                        From                                To

   While Charging              -            Cathode         =>         Anode
   While  Discharging        -            Anode            =>         Cathode

Working of Lithium Ion Battery



Battery Cycle

According to the Apple, Apple Li-ions batteries work in battery cycles. One charge cycle is completed when you have discharged 100 % of your battery capacity but not necessarily all from one charge. For example, suppose you have used 75% of your battery capacity one day & charged again to 100% battery capacity.On next day, you have used 25% means you have discharged total 100 % of battery capacity in 2 days & this is considered as one complete battery cycle.


One Cycle
Charges
+100%
Discharges
-75%
+75%
-25%
+25%

One charge cycle is completed after you’ve discharged 100% of your battery’s capacity.



Common Facts about Li-ion Batteries -

1. First commercial Lithium Ion battery was made by Sony corporation in 1991.
2. For safety reasons,while travelling by flights,spare or uninstalled lithium metal or lithium-ion batteries are must be removed from check in baggage and should kept with passenger in carry on baggage.

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